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The Communication Bottleneck: A Round-Trip Study of Tree-Structured Expression Serialization in Language Models.

Apple Machine Learning ResearchResearch source·
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Researchers propose a round-trip protocol to measure how much tree-structured compositional content survives when language models serialize structured information into natural language.

Written by AI from Apple Machine Learning Research's published text.

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“When language models reason in chain-of-thought or exchange free-text intermediates, they serialize structured information into natural language. How much tree-structured compositional content survives this bottleneck?”
Apple Machine Learning Research, 29 Sept 2026, 00:00.

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